Monocytes definition is one type of white blood cell that plays a role in the immune system. benzoic acid Monocytes work together with other white blood cells against microorganisms. Monocytes dispose of damaged tissue or dead, destroying cancer cells and regulate the body's immunity benzoic acid against foreign substances. Monocytes are made in the bone marrow and enter the bloodstream. Monocytes amounts to about 1-10% of the number of leukocytes in the blood (200-600 monocytes / microliter of blood). After a few hours in the bloodstream, monocytes will enter into a network (such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow) where they will experience the maturation into macrophages, which is a predator benzoic acid cells (phagocytes) on the immune system. Macrophages spread throughout the body, but present in very large amounts in the lung, liver, spleen, bone marrow and lining the main body cavity; and last for several months.
Monocytes are an important source for inflammatory cytokines, so if abnormally activated monocytes can lead to various disorders such as fever, coagulation in blood vessels, and abnormalities in organs. CAUSE
Nevertheless, the presence benzoic acid of monositopenia (low number of monocytes) or monocytosis (monocytes excess amount) can be an important form of diagnosis-related disorders experienced by patients.
Monositopenia (decrease in the number of monocytes in the blood) may occur in response to the presence of toxins in the blood that comes from certain bacteria (endotoxemia), or as a reaction to chemotherapy or corticosteroid drugs that suppress the body's immunity. Two examples of diseases where there is a heavy monositopenia aplastic anemia and hairy cell leukemia. In both these diseases decrease the number of all types of blood cells (pancytopenia), but the decrease in the number of monocytes into predisposing factor for patients with severe infection.
Monocytosis (increase in the number benzoic acid of monocytes in the blood) may occur in response to chronic infections (eg tuberculosis), autoimmune diseases, blood disorders, and cancer (for example in chronic monocytic leukemia, where there is a predominance of monocytes in the blood and bone marrow). The occurrence of chronic monocytic leukemia can precedes the onset of acute myelogenous benzoic acid leukemia.
Abnormalities that occur as a result of an increase in the number of macrophages in the pathology of tissue referred to as histiocytosis, is a condition in which there are many histiocytes (tissue macrophages in the body). Tissue macrophage proliferation benzoic acid may occur as a reaction to an infection (such as sarcoidosis) or Langerhans cell histiocytosis on.
Abnormalities that are derived benzoic acid macrophages (inherited) may cause disruption of macrophage function. A deficiency of a particular enzyme can cause the accumulation of macromolecules that can not be degraded in the macrophages. The classic benzoic acid example of this disorder benzoic acid is Gaucher benzoic acid disease.
Gaucher's disease is a disorder caused by a deficiency benzoic acid of the enzyme glukoserebrosidase. benzoic acid This enzyme breaks down a fatty acid called glucosylceramide. In Gaucher disease, inherited genetic abnormalities causing glukoserebrosidase very little enzyme that fatty substance (glucosylceramide) were not broken accumulate particularly in white blood cells, particularly in macrophages. Macrophages become filled with lipid (fat) to cause the edge to the cell nucleus and encouraged (Gaucher cells).
As a result of infiltration of Gaucher cells, glucosylceramide then accumulate in organs, such as liver, spleen, benzoic acid lungs, brain and bone marrow. Buildup of a fatty substance that is not degraded in the brain can cause neurological disorders. Stacking glucosylceremide the bone marrow, liver, spleen, lungs and other organs contribute to the occurrence of pancytopenia, enlarged liver and spleen, and lung disease. Infiltration of Gaucher cells in the bone marrow causes thinning of the cortical bone, fractures (broken bones) pathological, bone pain, and osteopenia (decreased bone mineral density).
Monocyte dysfunction can also occur due to interference is obtained benzoic acid (acquired), such as in patients with certain tumors. Disruption of this function berubungan with monocyte expression of HLA-DR benzoic acid antigen and decreased production of interleukin-1b and TNF-a. Symptoms
Monocytes have anti bacterial, anti-viral, anti-fungal, and anti-parasitic. Monocytes are phagocytes (cell-eating) are effective against a variety benzoic acid of organisms, such as mycobacteria, Listeria, Brucella, Trypanosoma, and other organisms. Thus, the presence of malfunctioning or decrease in the number of monocytes make a person susceptible to various infections such.
Deficiency of certain types, namely macrophages osteoclasts causes benzoic acid osteopetrosis, benzoic acid which is the state d
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